Bacteriology
Mycobacterial infection
of pigs in Croatia. Ž. Cvetnić, S.
Špičić, M. Benić, Vera Katalinić-Janković, Mateja Pate, B. Krt and M. Ocepek
..... 1
In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria
isolated from caprine footrot. Angela Lacombe-Antoneli, S.
Píriz and
S. Vadillo ..... 11
Biochemistry and physiology
Effect of feeding T-2 toxin contaminated feed on the
utilisation of vitamin E in chickens. Maria Weber, Sz. Stiller, K. Balogh, L. Wágner, Márta
Erdélyi and M. Mézes
.....
21
Influence
of dietary boron supplementation on some serum metabolites and egg-yolk cholesterol in
laying hens. M. Eren
and F. Uyanik .....
29
Clinical veterinary science
Echocardiographic characterisation of cardiac dilatation
induced by volume overload in a canine experimental model. Z. Dudás Györki, A. Kollár, F. Manczur,
Violetta Kékesi and K. Vörös ..... 41
Common
atrioventricular canal in a newborn foal – Case report and review of the literature. Orsolya
Kutasi, K. Vörös, I. Biksi,
O. Szenci and P.
Sótonyi ..... 51
Parasitology
Efficacy of some anticoccidial drugs for treating coccidial
enteritis of the common carp caused by Goussia carpelli
(Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). K. Molnár and Györgyi Ostoros ..... 67
Study
on the species-specificity of Isospora
michaelbakeri by
experimental infection. K. C. Tung, J. S.
Liu, F. P. Cheng, C. H. Yang, W. C. Tu, K. S. Wang, C. L. Shyu, C. H. Lai, C. C. Chou and W. M.
Lee ..... 77
Pathology
Myotonic dystrophy in two European grey wolves (Canis lupus). Á. Pákozdy, M. Leschnik, B. Nell, U. S. Kolm, Z. Virányi, B. Belényi, M. J. Molnár and T. Bilzer ..... 87
Pharmacology
In vitro
antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Harungana
madagascariensis
Lam. Ex Poir. (Hypericaceae) against strains causing otitis externa in dogs and cats. B.
Moulari, Y. Pellequer, J-P. Chaumont, Y. C. Guillaume and J.
Millet ..... 97
Reproduction
Surgical
denervation of porcine ovaries during the middle luteal phase of the oestrous cycle
changes their morphology and steroidogenic activity. Barbara Jana, Anna
Dzienis, Joanna Wojtkiewicz, Monika Kaczmarek and M.
Majewski ..... 107
Comparison
of the molecular effects of the mycotoxins ß-zearalenol and deoxynivalenol in porcine
endometrial cells – A review. Karin Wollenhaupt, W. Tomek and Ute Tiemann ..... 123
Virology
Investigation
of field outbreaks of turkey haemorrhagic enteritis in Hungary.
V. Palya,
M. Nagy, R. Glávits, Éva Ivanics, D. Szalay, Á. Dán, T. Süveges, B. Markos and
B. Harrach ..... 135
Porcine
circovirus type 2 and associated diseases in Romania
– Short communication. D. Cadar, A. Cságola,
Á. Dán, Z. Deim, Marina Spînu, V. Miclăuş, L. Köbölkuti, G. Czirják and T.
Tuboly ..... 151
Book
review .....
157
MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTION OF PIGS IN CROATIA
Ž. Cvetnić1*, S. Špičić1, M. Benić1, Vera Katalinić-Janković2, Mateja Pate3, B. Krt3 and M. Ocepek3
1Croatian Veterinary
Institute Zagreb, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; 2Croatian National
Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 3Veterinary Faculty Ljubljana,
Ljubljana, Slovenia
(Received 16 November 2005; accepted 24 May 2006)
During a five-year period (2000 to 2004) 74,342
pigs were tested by the intradermal tuberculin test in Croatia. Of them, 248 (0.33%) pigs were positive and 91 (0.12%) were found to be
suspicious in 7 out of the 13 farms included in the study. Gross pathological changes
characteristic of tuberculosis were observed in tuberculin-positive and/or suspicious
swine. Mycobacterium was isolated from the lymph nodes of 183 out of 234 swine (78.2%).
For better epidemiological understanding, isolates were typed by conventional methods, PCR
and hybridisation. The results show that most of the isolates belonged to the Mycobacterium avium complex (175 isolates,
95.7%). Other isolates belonged to M. fortuitum
(6 isolates, 3.3%), M. chelonae (1 isolate,
0.5%), and M. peregrinum (1 isolate, 0.5%).
Isolated strains of the M. avium complex were
identified as M. a. avium (37 isolates, 21.1%) and M. a. hominissuis
(138 isolates, 78.9%).
Key
words: Mycobacterium avium complex,
tuberculosis, pigs, PCR
IN VITRO
ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ANAEROBIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM CAPRINE FOOTROT
Angela Lacombe-Antoneli, S. Píriz* and S. Vadillo
Unit of Microbiology, Department
of Medicine and Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
(Received 24 May 2006; accepted 20
September 2006)
The in
vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli commonly
isolated from footrot in goats was studied. A total of 97 isolates belonging to the genera
Dichelobacter, Fusobacterium, Prevotella,
Porphyromonas and Bacteroides, obtained from
clinical cases of footrot in south-western Spain between March 2000 and May 2001, were tested against 25 antimicrobial agents
comprising ß-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides,
chloramphenicol, quinolones, lincosamides, sulphonamides and tetracyclines in order
to optimise antibiotic treatment of this disease in goats. ß-lactams, tetracyclines and
metronidazole displayed the highest in vitro
efficacy against the species involved in the pathogenesis of footrot.
Key
words: Footrot, caprine, antimicrobial agents, susceptibility
EFFECT OF FEEDING T-2
TOXIN CONTAMINATED FEED ON THE UTILISATION OF VITAMIN E IN CHICKENS
Maria Weber1, Sz. Stiller2, K. Balogh1, L. Wágner2, Márta Erdélyi1 and M. Mézes1*
1Department of
Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University,
H-2103 Gödöllő, Páter K. u. 1, Hungary; 2Department of Animal Physiology
and Animal Nutrition, Georgikon Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Veszprém University, Keszthely, Hungary
(Received 21 February 2006; accepted 24 May 2006)
The purpose of the present study was to
investigate the effect of experimental T-2 toxin load (2.35 mg/kg of feed) and vitamin E
supply in the drinking water (10.5 mg/bird/day) on vitamin E levels of the blood plasma
and liver in broiler chickens in a 14-day experiment. It was found that T-2 toxin load did
not influence vitamin E content of the blood plasma except at day 3 after the toxin load
when a moderate increase was detected in plasma vitamin E. No significant changes were
found in vitamin E content of the liver. The simultaneous use of high-dose vitamin E
supplementation and T-2 toxin load caused a significantly higher plasma vitamin E content
but the changes were less expressed in the group subjected to T-2 toxin load. Vitamin E
supply also resulted in a marked and significant increase in vitamin E concentrations of
the liver on days 3 and 7 even in the T-2 loaded group, but this concentration
significantly decreased thereafter. The results show that T-2 contamination of the diet
has an adverse effect on the utilisation of vitamin E in broiler chickens.
Key
words: T-2 toxin, vitamin E, broiler chicken
INFLUENCE OF DIETARY BORON SUPPLEMENTATION ON SOME SERUM
METABOLITES AND EGG-YOLK CHOLESTEROL IN LAYING HENS
M. Eren and F. Uyanik
Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Erciyes, Sümer Mah. Bariş Manço Cad., 38090 Kayseri, Turkey
(Received 14 December 2005; accepted 24 May 2006)
The influence of dietary boron (B)
supplementation on some serum parameters and egg-yolk cholesterol was studied in laying
hens. A total of 224 eighteen-week-old hens of the Hyline Brown 98 strain were assigned to
7 groups with 4 replicates of 8 hens each after 10 days of adaptation, and they were fed
commercial diets supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg (diet) B (H3BO3)
for 8 weeks. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity, albumin, glucose, total
cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels were decreased with all B levels. Except in
the group receiving 5 mg/kg B supplementation, decreases were found in serum triglycerides
in all groups. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was decreased in the groups
receiving 100 mg/kg or higher levels of B. All levels of B supplementation increased
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity at weeks 21 and 22, while 10 mg/kg or higher levels
of B increased serum globulin, urea and egg-yolk cholesterol levels. The results demonstrate that B supplementation at levels exceeding 5
mg/kg affects serum biochemical parameters and increases egg-yolk cholesterol in laying
hens.
Key words: Biochemical
parameters, boron, egg-yolk cholesterol, laying hens
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISATION OF CARDIAC DILATATION
INDUCED BY VOLUME OVERLOAD IN A CANINE EXPERIMENTAL MODEL
Z. Dudás Györki1, A. Kollár2, F. Manczur1, Violetta Kékesi2 and K. Vörös1
1Department and Clinic
of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1400
Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary; 2Experimental Research Department, Clinic of
Cardiovascular Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
(Received 10 July 2006; accepted 20
September 2006)
The aim of this study was to characterise the
development of cardiac dilatation induced by chronic volume overload in 12 dogs. Bilateral
arteriovenous fistulas were created between the common femoral arteries and the femoral
veins, and the animals were serially studied with transthoracic echocardiography for a
period of 12 weeks after the operation. Compared to the measurements obtained before the
operation (week 0), the data obtained at the end of the experimental period showed
significantly increased left ventricular volume measured by 2D-echocardiography (from 25.1
cm3 to 43.8 cm3, p < 0.0001 in diastole and from 8.6 cm3
to 16.8 cm3, p < 0.001 in systole), and left ventricular diameter measured
by M-mode echocardiography (from 26.2 mm to 32.6 mm, p < 0.0001 in diastole and from
17.1 mm to 20.6 mm, p < 0.001 in systole). The size of the left atrium also increased
in transversal (from 29.2 mm to 33.6 mm, p < 0.01) but not in longitudinal diameter. In
spite of a significant cardiac chamber dilatation over the 12-week period, left
ventricular systolic functional variables (fractional shortening, FS % and ejection
fraction, EF %), and also the left ventricular systolic and diastolic free wall thickness
remained unchanged. In this study we demonstrated that chronic progressive volume overload
resulted in gradual dilatation of the canine heart, and that the pathological process can
be monitored successfully by serial echocardiography. We found that left atrial dilatation
occurred without the development of mitral regurgitation and/or detectable left
ventricular dysfunction.
Key
words: Arteriovenous fistula, echocardiography, dog, volume overload, cardiac
dilatation
COMMON ATRIOVENTRICULAR CANAL IN A NEWBORN FOAL – CASE
REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Orsolya Kutasi1*, K. Vörös3, I. Biksi1, O. Szenci1 and P. Sótonyi2
1Large Animal Clinic,
Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-2225 Üllő, Dóra major,
Hungary; 2Department of Anatomy and Histology and 3Department and
Clinic of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
(Received 10 July 2006; accepted 20
September 2006)
This paper presents the embryological and
pathological features as well as the terminology and classification of common
atrioventricular canal, a type of endocardial cushion defect. The authors give a complete
description of an extremely rare congenital cardiac malformation in an equine neonate. The
diagnosis of a complete, balanced common atrioventricular canal of type C in Rastelli’s
classification scheme was based on two-dimensional, contrast and colour Doppler
echocardiography and subsequent postmortem gross pathology. To support our diagnosis and
study the pathophysiological effect of the alteration, physical examination, blood gas
analysis and other laboratory tests, electrocardiography and thoracic radiography were
also performed. Our search of the literature suggests that this type of developmental
anomaly might account for a higher percentage of equine congenital cardiac defects than
was thought earlier. We suppose that some previously described congenital heart
abnormalities were misinterpreted: these anomalies could have actually represented some
type of atrioventricular canal defect, resulting from the failure of the endocardial
cushions to undergo complete and proper fusion.
Key
words: Equine, common atrioventricular canal, endocardial cushion
EFFICACY OF SOME ANTICOCCIDIAL DRUGS FOR TREATING COCCIDIAL
ENTERITIS OF THE COMMON CARP CAUSED BY GOUSSIA
CARPELLI (APICOMPLEXA: EIMERIIDAE)
K. Molnár* and Györgyi Ostoros
Veterinary Medical Research
Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1581 Budapest, P.O. Box 18, Hungary
(Received 13 June 2006; accepted 20
September 2006)
In this study, nine anticoccidial drugs commonly
used in poultry were tested for efficacy for the prevention and treatment of Goussia carpelli (Apicomplexa) infection in common
carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). To establish
experimental infection with G. carpelli,
paratenic host oligochaetes of the genera Tubifex and Limnodrilus were infected with oocysts, and
laboratory-cultured parasite-free common carp fingerlings were infected by feeding to them
oligochaetes containing sporozoites. The anticoccidial drugs (amprolium, narasin,
maduramicin, salinomycin Na, lasalocid Na, diclazuril, robenidine HCl, monensin Na and
toltrazuril), mixed in the food of the fish in a dose of 200 mg/kg, were fed for 12 days.
Common carp fingerlings fed diclazuril, lasalocid, robenidine HCl or maduramicin and
killed on day 14 after exposure were free from infection, while other groups treated with
amprolium, toltrazuril, monensin Na, narasin or salinomycin Na harboured oocysts in the
mucus and epithelium of the gut.
Key
words: Coccidial enteritis, Goussia carpelli, common carp, anticoccidial drugs, efficacy,
treatment
STUDY ON THE SPECIES-SPECIFICITY OF ISOSPORA MICHAELBAKERI BY EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION
K. C. Tung1,2, J. S. Liu1, F. P. Cheng1,2, C. H. Yang1,2,
W. C. Tu3, K. S. Wang4, C. L. Shyu1,
C. H. Lai1,2, C. C. Chou1 and W. M. Lee1,2*
1Department of
Veterinary Medicine, 2Veterinary Teaching Hospital and 3Department
of Entomology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, 250, Kuo
Kuang Rd., 402 Taichung City, Taiwan, R. O. C.; 4Department of Public Health,
Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan, R. O. C.
(Received 28 November 2005; accepted 24 May 2006)
Isospora
michaelbakeri is one of the Isospora species
most commonly found in the wild field, which can
cause severe infection and mortality in young sparrows. In this study, we selected I. michaelbakeri (Chung Hsing strain) as a pathogen
to orally inoculate russet sparrows (Passer
rutilans), spotted munia (Lonchura punctulata), canary (Serinus canaria), Java sparrows (Padda oryzivora), chicken (Gallus domesticus), ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and BALB/c mice. The
results indicated that I. michaelbakeri infected only
russet sparrows. Infected sparrows displayed lethargy, muscular weakness and fluffy
feathers, followed by rapid death. Liver and spleen enlargement was seen in the infected
birds. Schizonts were identified in thin smears from the venous blood, enlarged livers and
spleens. Histopathological examination revealed schizonts and merozoites from the liver
and spleen of infected russet sparrows, but not from other species experimentally
inoculated with I. michaelbakeri in the present
study.
Key
words: Sparrows, birds, Isospora michaelbakeri, pathogenicity,
species-specificity
Corresponding author: Wei-Ming
Lee; E-mail: wmlee@dragon.nchu.edu.tw;
Phone: 00886
(4) 22870180 ext. 215; Fax: 00886
(4) 22862073
MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY IN TWO EUROPEAN GREY
WOLVES (CANIS LUPUS)
Á. Pákozdy1*, M. Leschnik1, B. Nell2, U. S. Kolm1, Z. Virányi4, B. Belényi4, M. J. Molnár3 and T. Bilzer5
1Clinic for Internal
Medicine and Infectious Diseases and 2Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Ophthalmology, University of Veterinary Medicine
Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, A-1210 Austria; 3Department of
Molecular Neurology, National Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Budapest, Hungary; 4Department
of Ethology, Loránd Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary; 5Department of
Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
(Received 22 December 2005; accepted 24 May 2006)
Two related European Grey wolves (Canis lupus) with the history of muscle stiffness
beginning at 2 weeks of age were examined in this study. Muscle tone and muscle mass were
increased in both animals. Muscle stiffness was worsened by stress so that the animals
fell into lateral recumbency. Blood chemistry revealed mildly increased serum creatine
kinase activity. Abnormal potentials typical of myotonic discharges were recorded by
electromyography. Cataract, first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block and inhomogeneous
myocardial texture by ultrasound suggested extramuscular involvement. Myopathology
demonstrated dystrophic signs in the muscle biopsy specimen. The presumptive diagnosis
based on the in vivo findings was myotonic
dystrophy. Immunochemistry of the striated muscles revealed focal absence of dystrophin 1
and beta-dystroglycan in both cases. Cardiac and ophthalmologic involvement suggested a
disorder very similar to a human form of myotonic dystrophy. This is the first description
of myotonic dystrophy in wolves.
Key words: Muscle,
myotonic dystrophy, wolf, electromyography, histology
Corresponding author: Ákos Pákozdy; E-mail: akos.pakozdy@vu-wien.ac.at; Phone: 0043
(1) 25077/5101; Fax: 0043 (1) 25077/5101
IN VITRO
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE LEAF EXTRACT OF HARUNGANA MADAGASCARIENSIS LAM. EX POIR. (HYPERICACEAE) AGAINST STRAINS CAUSING OTITIS
EXTERNA IN DOGS AND CATS
B. Moulari*, Y. Pellequer, J-P. Chaumont, Y. C. Guillaume and J. Millet
Equipe Sciences Séparatives et
Biopharmaceutiques EA-3924, UFR de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de
Franche-comté, Place Saint-Jacques, 25030 Besançon cedex, France
(Received 17 January 2006; accepted 24
May 2006)
Otitis externa in dogs and cats is always caused
by a combination of yeasts and bacteria, among which the most important are Malassezia pachydermatis, Staphylococcus intermedius and Pseudomonas species. These organisms often
develop resistance to classical antimicrobial agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was
to investigate the antimicrobial activities of an ethyl acetate leaf extract of Harungana madagascariensis against the organisms
cited, to carry out the phytochemical investigation of this extract and to determine its
bioactive chemical class using dilution techniques, the bioautography method and the
standard phytochemical method described by Harborne (1973). Phytochemical analysis
revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and anthracenic
derivatives. The bioassay showed that the antimicrobial properties may be attributed to
astilbin, a flavanone derivative identified on the basis of its spectroscopic data. The
results suggest that the extract could be used in an antimicrobial preparation effective
against the whole range of organisms incriminated in otitis externa in dogs and cats, with
a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 µg/ml.
Key
words: Leaf extract, Harungana
madagascariensis, otitis externa, dog, cats, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC),
minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), bioautography, astilbin
SURGICAL DENERVATION OF PORCINE OVARIES DURING THE MIDDLE
LUTEAL PHASE OF THE OESTROUS CYCLE CHANGES THEIR MORPHOLOGY AND STEROIDOGENIC ACTIVITY
Barbara Jana1, Anna Dzienis1, Joanna Wojtkiewicz2, Monika Kaczmarek1 and M. Majewski2
1Division of
Reproductive Endocrinology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food
Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, Poland; 2Division
of Clinical Physiology, Department of Functional Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
(Received 15 September 2005; accepted 13 February 2006)
Changes in both the morphology and the
steroidogenic activity of porcine ovaries denervated surgically on day 12 of the oestrous
cycle were studied. Neurectomy of the plexus and the superior ovarian nerves caused a
dramatic reduction in the number (or even a disappearance) of dopamine-ß-hydroxylase-
and/or neuropeptide tyrosine-immunoreactive nerve terminals. On day 20 of the subsequent
oestrous cycle, the number of small follicles increased (P < 0.01) and that of large
follicles decreased (P < 0.05) in the denervated ovaries, as compared to the controls.
Neurectomy led to a decrease in the level of progesterone (P4; P < 0.001)
and androstenedione (A4; P < 0.01) in the fluid from small follicles, A4
(P < 0.001) and testosterone (T; P < 0.05) in the fluid from medium-sized
follicles, as well as in the content of all these steroids in the fluid from large-sized
follicles (P < 0.001 for P4 and P < 0.05 for A4 and T).
Denervation also caused a decrease in the content of A4 (P < 0.01) and T (P
< 0.001) in the wall of follicles. Neurectomy resulted in a significant increase in the
immunoexpression of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 in the follicles and a
decrease of 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. After denervation, plasma levels of LH, P4,
A4, T, oestrone and oestradiol-17ß were lower (P < 0.05–0.001) on the
particular days of the study than in the control group. Our data revealed that the
denervation of ovaries during the middle luteal phase of the oestrous cycle in gilts
caused distinct changes in both the morphology and the steroidogenic activity of the
organ, confirming an important role of the peripheral nervous system in the control of the
gonad in this species.
Key
words: Denervation of ovaries, ovarian
morphology, hormones, gilt
Corresponding author; E-mail: baja@pan.olsztyn.pl; Fax: 0048 (89) 535-7421
COMPARISON OF THE MOLECULAR EFFECTS OF THE MYCOTOXINS ?-ZEARALENOL
AND DEOXYNIVALENOL IN PORCINE ENDOMETRIAL CELLS – A REVIEW
Karin Wollenhaupt, W. Tomek and Ute Tiemann
Unit of Reproductive Biology,
Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
(Received 4 October 2005; accepted 13
February 2006)
The mycotoxins ß-zearalenol (ß-ZOL) and
deoxynivalenol (DON) produce toxic effects that result in diseases in humans and animals.
The molecular mechanisms that control the mycotoxin-mediated effects are far from being
completely understood. Various results show that these mycotoxins could inhibit cell
proliferation. In the present short communication, the influence of ß-ZOL and DON on the
abundance and phosphorylation state of kinases that are included in regulation of the
initiation of mRNA translation (which is correlated with cell proliferation) was compared
in porcine endometrial cells (PEC). Our results indicate that these mycotoxins modulate
the expression and phosphorylation of these factors in a different manner. Whereas ß-ZOL
mainly had an impact on the biological activity of the extracellular signal-regulated
protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), eukaryotic initiation
factor 4E (eIF4E) and its repressor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), DON reduced the
abundance of p38 MAPk, Akt and specific 4E-BP1 bands. In summary, these results indicate
that ß-ZOL influences molecular events that are included in the initiation of mRNA
translation in the porcine endometrium but DON does not alter such processes clearly.
Key
words: Mycotoxins, translational regulation, endometrial cells, pig
INVESTIGATION OF FIELD OUTBREAKS OF TURKEY
HAEMORRHAGIC ENTERITIS IN HUNGARY
V. Palya1*, M. Nagy1, R. Glávits2, Éva Ivanics2, D. Szalay3, Á. Dán2,4, T. Süveges1, B. Markos5 and B. Harrach4
1CEVA-Phylaxia
Biologicals Co. Ltd., H-1107 Budapest, Szállás u. 5, Hungary; 2Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest, Hungary; 3OMEGA
Vet. Lab. Ltd., Szombathely, Budapest; 4Veterinary Medical Research Institute,
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; 5Veterinary Laboratories
Ltd., Békéscsaba, Hungary
(Received 9 May 2006; accepted 20
September 2006)
Epidemiological, pathological, serological and
virological investigations are reported on turkey haemorrhagic enteritis virus (THEV)
infection in Hungarian turkey flocks. The pathogenesis of infection in experimentally
infected turkeys and chickens, as well as the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction
(PCR)/sequencing method for epidemiological investigation and for the differentiation of
vaccine and field strains of THEV was also studied. Since the first recognition of the
disease in Hungary in the late 1970s,
until recently the disease has been diagnosed sporadically in its mild form. In the last
few years (2000–2005), however, the number of outbreaks and the severity of the disease
increased (9–23 affected flocks/year). Most of the outbreaks occurred at the age of 6 to
8 weeks and was complicated with Escherichia coli
infection. The antibody levels to THEV in turkey flocks gradually declined till 5–7
weeks of age, and then they increased sharply due to natural infection with THEV. The
immune response to vaccination (at 5 weeks of age) showed no significant antibody level
increase one week postvaccination, but four weeks later the antibody level reached high
values and then remained at this high level. The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test to
detect turkey adenovirus A (TAdV-A) antigen and PCR methods for THEV-specific DNA gave
similarly positive results if spleens with pathognomonic lesions were tested; however, PCR
proved to be more sensitive in cases with less characteristic pathological lesions.
Nucleotide sequence alignment of PCR products amplified from Hungarian field strains and
the Domermuth vaccine strain and that of the published THEV hexon sequences in GenBank
database revealed slight differences between the sequences.
Key
words: Turkey, haemorrhagic
enteritis, adenovirus, immunity, diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE 2 AND ASSOCIATED DISEASES IN ROMANIA – SHORT COMMUNICATION
D. Cadar1, A. Cságola2, Á. Dán3, Z. Deim3, Marina Spînu1, V. Miclăuş4, L. Köbölkuti1, G. Czirják1 and T. Tuboly2*
1Department of
Infectious Diseases, 4Discipline of Cellular Biology, Histology and Embryology,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3–5, Romania; 2Department of
Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István
University, H-1143 Budapest, Hungária krt. 23–25, Hungary; 3Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest, Hungary
(Received 24 May 2006; accepted 20
September 2006)
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has been
demonstrated to be the causal agent for postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS)
and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). This report describes the first
detection of PCV2 and associated diseases in a Romanian swine herd located in Transylvania. The clinical signs, pathological and
histopathological changes observed in affected pigs were similar to those previously
described for PDNS and PMWS. Polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridisation were used for the detection
of PCV2 nucleic acids from tissues and serum samples. Complete PCV2 genomes of both PMWS
and PDNS cases were sequenced and analysed, and by comparing them with each other no
genomic differences could be detected. The sequence analysis showed that the Romanian PCV2
was closely related to PCV2 identified in France and in Hungary.
Key
words: PCV2, PMWS, PDNS, phylogenetic study
GenBank
Accession No. of the PCV2 reported in this paper: DQ233257
BOOK REVIEW
T. Schnieder (editor): Veterinärmedizinische
Parasitologie. Begründet von Josef Boch und Rudolf
Supperer. (Veterinary Parasitology. Founded by Josef Boch and
Rudolf Supperer.) Sixth, fully revised and extended edition. Parey in MVS Medizinverlage, Stuttgart. 2006. 785 pages, 340 figures, 92 tables, 19.5 × 27.0 cm,
hardback. ISBN 3-8304-4135-5. Price: 139.95 €.
