Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4) (2003)

CONTENTS AND ABSTRACTS

Anatomy and histology

Vascularisation of the cerebellar nuclei in Akkaraman sheep. D. Yildiz and M. E. Gultiken 433

Immunolocalisation of serotonin, gastrin, somatostatin and glucagon in entero-endocrine cells of the goose (Anser anser). N. Gulmez, M. Nazli, S. Aslan and N. Liman 439

Bacteriology

Antibiotic resistance of staphylococci from humans, food and different animal species according to data of the Hungarian resistance monitoring system in 2001. Éva J. Kaszanyitzky, Sz. Jánosi, Zsuzsanna Egyed, Gizella Ágost and G. Semjén 451

Wild boars (Sus scrofa) as reservoirs of Brucella suis biovar 2 in Croatia. Z. Cvetnic, M. Mitak, M. Ocepek, M. Lojkic, Svjetlana Terzic, Lorena Jemersic, Andrea Humski, B. Habrun, B. Sostaric, M. Brstilo, B. Krt and B. Garin-Bastuji 465

Dentistry

Comparative study of â-tricalcium phosphate mixed with platelet-rich plasma versus â-tricalcium phosphate, a bone substitute material in dentistry. Katalin Kovács, N. Velich, T. Huszár, G. Szabó, G. Semjén, J. Reiczigel and Zsuzsanna Suba 475

Pathology

Turbinate atrophy evaluation in pigs by computed tomography. T. Magyar, F. Kovács, T. Donkó, H. Bíró, R. Romvári, Melinda Kovács and I. Repa 485

Occurrence of atypical myxomatosis in Central Europe: Clinical and virological examinations. A. Farsang, L. Makranszki, M. Dobos-Kovács, Györgyi Virág, Katalin Fábián, Tímea Barna, G. Kulcsár, L. Kucsera and F. Vetési 493

Physiology

Metabolic changes induced by regular submaximal aerobic exercise in meat-type rabbits. A. Szabó, R. Romvári, P. Bogner, Hedvig Fébel and Zs. Szendrő 503

Beneficial effects of alternative lighting schedules on the incidence of ascites and on metabolic parameters of broiler chickens. M. Hassanzadeh, M. H. Bozorgmehri Fard, J. Buyse and E. Decuypere 513

Fractional excretion of electrolytes during pre- and postpartum periods in cows. B. Ulutaş, M. B. Özlem, Pinar Alkim Ulutaş, V. Eren and S. Paşa 521

Surgery

Experimental vascular graft for liver transplantation. L. Kóbori, T. Németh, B. Nemes, G. Dallos, P. Sótonyi Jr., I. Fehérvári, A. Patonai, M. J. H. Slooff, J. Járay and K. P. De Jong 529

Operation technique and healing process of telescopic ileocolostomy in dogs. G. Szűcs, I. Tóth, T. Barna, E. Bráth, K. Gyáni and Irén Mikó 539

Virology

Characterisation of Hungarian porcine circovirus 2 genomes associated with PMWS and PDNS cases. Á. Dán, T. Molnár, I. Biksi, R. Glávits, M. Shaheim and B. Harrach 551

Book review 563

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 433–437 (2003)

VASCULARISATION OF THE CEREBELLAR NUCLEI IN AKKARAMAN SHEEP

D. Yildiz* and M. E. Gultiken

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kirikkale, 71450 Campus, Kirikkale, Turkey

(Received October 30, 2002; accepted June 19, 2003)

This study reports an anatomical study of the vascular supply in 20 Akkaraman sheep cerebelli from adult subjects of both sexes. The origin and branching pattern of the cerebellar artery vascularising the cerebellar nuclei were studied by gross dissection and vascular injection. Then dissection was performed and vessels nourishing the cerebellar nuclei were documented. Four bilaterally symmetrical cerebellar nuclei were determined as nucleus lateralis cerebelli, nucleus interpositus lateralis cerebelli, and nucleus interpositus medialis cerebelli and nucleus fastigii from lateral to medial side. It has been previously confirmed that vascularisation of the cerebellar nuclei is carried out by intermediary branches of the rostral cerebellar artery and the caudal cerebellar artery. However, this study has confirmed that the caudal cerebellar artery has no contribution in the vascularisation of the cerebellar nuclei.

Key words: Anatomy, blood supply, cerebellar nuclei, sheep

*Corresponding author: Dr. Dincer Yildiz; Telephone: +90 (318) 3573301; Fax: +90 (318) 3573304; E-mail: dincer_yildiz@hotmail.com

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 439–449 (2003)

IMMUNOLOCALISATION OF SEROTONIN, GASTRIN, SOMATOSTATIN AND GLUCAGON IN ENTERO-ENDOCRINE CELLS OF THE GOOSE (ANSER ANSER)

N. Gulmez1*, M. Nazli1, S. Aslan1 and N. Liman2

1Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, 36100 Kars, Turkey; 2Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey

(Received July 23, 2002; accepted December 10, 2002)

The processes of digestion in the avian gastrointestinal tract depend on sophisticated control systems that co-ordinate secretion of digestive juices and movement of the luminal contents. In the current study, the distribution of serotonin-, gastrin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-immunoreactive endocrine cells was investigated by immunocytochemical methods in the intestinal tract of the goose. The number of cells immunoreactive for each antiserum was evaluated in different regions of the intestinal tract. Serotonin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-immunoreactive endocrine cells were seen throughout the intestinal tract, but somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were not detected in the colon of the goose. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were detected only in the duodenum, jejunum and colon mucosa. It is concluded that the distribution pattern of the entero-endocrine cells in the goose is similar to that of most of the mammalian and other poultry species.

Key words: Serotonin, gastrin, somatostatin, glucagon, intestine, goose

*Corresponding author: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nurhayat Gulmez; E-mail: ngulmez@hotmail.com;  Fax: +90 (474) 2426853

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 451–464 (2003)

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF STAPHYLOCOCCI FROM HUMANS, FOOD AND DIFFERENT ANIMAL SPECIES ACCORDING TO DATA OF THE HUNGARIAN RESISTANCE MONITORING SYSTEM IN 2001

Éva J. Kaszanyitzky1*, Sz. Jánosi1, Zsuzsanna Egyed1, Gizella Ágost2 and G. Semjén3

1Central Veterinary Institute, H-1149 Budapest, Tábornok u. 2, Hungary; 2National Food Investigation Institute, Budapest, Hungary; 3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary

(Received February 27, 2003; accepted June 19, 2003)

Based on data of the Hungarian resistance monitoring system the antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus strains of human and animal origin was studied. No methicillin-resistant staphylococci harbouring mecA gene were isolated from animals in 2001. Penicillin resistance, mediated by penicillinase production, was the most frequent among Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from humans (96%), from bovine mastitis (55%), from foods (45%) and from dogs. In staphylococci isolated from animals low resistance percentages to aminoglycosides (0–2%), fluoroquinolones (0.5–3%) and sulphonamides (0.5–4%) were found but in strains isolated humans these figures were higher (1–14%, 5–18% and 3–31%, respectively). The most frequent antibiotic resistance profiles of strains isolated from animals and food were penicillin/tetracycline, penicillin/lincomycin and penicillin/lincomycin/tetracycline. Penicillin/tetracycline resistance was exhibited by strains from mastitis (3), samples from the meat industry (31), poultry flocks (1), poultry industry (1), noodle (1) and horses (2). Penicillin/lincomycin resistance was found in 10 Staphylococcus strains from mastitis, 1 from the dairy industry, 1 from the meat industry and 6 from dogs. Isolates from mastitis (2), from the dairy industry (2), from pigs (1), from the meat industry (1) and from poultry (1) harboured penicillin/lincomycin/tetracycline resistance pattern. Multiresistant strains were usually isolated only from one and sometimes from two animal species; therefore, the spread of defined resistant strains (clones) among different animal species could not be demonstrated. These results also suggest that the transfer of antibiotic resistance of S. aureus from animals to humans probably occurs less frequently than is generally assumed.

Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, antibiotic resistance, resistance pattern

*Corresponding author; E-mail: juhasznee@oai.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 252 5197

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 465–473 (2003)

WILD BOARS (SUS SCROFA) AS RESERVOIRS OF BRUCELLA SUIS BIOVAR 2 IN CROATIA

Z. Cvetnic1*, M. Mitak1, M. Ocepek2, M. Lojkic1, Svjetlana Terzic1, Lorena Jemersic1, Andrea Humski1, B. Habrun1, B. Sostaric1, M. Brstilo1, B. Krt2 and B. Garin-Bastuji3

1Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Savska cesta 143, Croatia; 2Veterinary Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3AFSSA-Maisons Alfort, OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, France

(Received March 25, 2003; accepted April 1, 2003)

This work presents the results of findings for brucellosis in wild boars and domestic swine in two regions of Croatia. In the region of Djakovo the blood samples of 211 wild boars were analysed and in 29.4% of the samples serologically positive reactions were established. In the same region the blood samples of 1080 domestic swine on pastures were also analysed and positive serological reactions were established in 12.3%. In the regions around Lonjsko Polje the blood samples of 53 wild boars were analysed and in 22.6% of them positive serological reactions were established. On several locations around Lonjsko Polje the blood samples of 901 domestic swine were serologically analysed and 13.5% of the swine were found to be seropositive. Bacteriological analyses of submitted materials from 24 wild boars resulted in isolation of Brucella from seven (29.2%) samples, and from 43 samples originating from domestic swine that had aborted and had been serologically positive, Brucella were isolated from 25 (58.1%) swine, as well as from 10 (62.5%) out of 16 aborted piglets. In all the isolates Brucella suis biovar 2 was identified. Wild boars are carriers and reservoirs of Brucella suis biovar 2 in Croatia.

Key words: Wild boars, reservoir, Brucella suis biovar 2, Croatia

*Corresponding author; E-mail: cvetnic@veinst.hr; Fax: + (385) 1 6190 841

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 475–484 (2003)

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ß-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE MIXED WITH PLATELET-RICH PLASMA VERSUS ß-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE, A BONE SUBSTITUTE MATERIAL IN DENTISTRY

Katalin Kovács1*, N. Velich2, T. Huszár2, G. Szabó2, G. Semjén3, J. Reiczigel4 and Zsuzsanna Suba2

1Semmelweis University, University School of Ph.D. Studies, Private Practitioner; 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; 3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary; 4Department of Biomathematics and Informatics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary

(Received May 26, 2003; accepted June 19, 2003)

Animal experiments were carried out with osteoconductive bone substitute ß-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP), with the aim of assessing the effects of the growth factors synthesised by thrombocytes on the speed of ß-TCP incorporation and on the quality of newly formed bone. The question to be answered was the extent to which platelet-rich plasma (PRP) accelerated the resorption of ß-TCP and the formation of new bone. Two teeth were removed symmetrically from each side of the mandible of 12 Beagle dogs; the resulting cavities were filled on one side with ß-TCP alone, and on the other side with a mixture of ß-TCP + PRP (obtained from autologous blood). The quality of the newly formed bone and the effects of this PRP were studied by histological and histomorphometric methods. In week 6, bone formation was already more effective when PRP was applied in comparison with ß-TCP alone, and in week 12 the growth was significantly greater. The results demonstrate that the use of PRP accelerates the remodelling of new bone created by ß-TCP.

Key words: Bone substitution, platelet-rich plasma, ß-tricalcium phosphate, remodelling, histomorphometry

*Corresponding author: Dr. Katalin Kovács, H-1078 Budapest, István u. 11, fsz. 1, Hungary; E-mail: katavetdent@uze.net; Phone: +36 (1) 321 1021

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 485–491 (2003)

TURBINATE ATROPHY EVALUATION IN PIGS BY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

T. Magyar1*, F. Kovács2, T. Donkó3, H. Bíró4, R. Romvári5, Melinda Kovács3 and I. Repa5

1Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1581 Budapest, P. O. Box 18, Hungary; 2Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Research and Development, Biologicals, Ingelheim, Germany; 3Department of Physiology and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Animal Science, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary; 4Aka-hyb Ltd., Mohács, Hungary; 5Institute of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary

(Received April 23, 2003; accepted June 19, 2003)

Computed tomography (CT), a non-invasive visualisation technique was applied for imaging the bony structures of the nasal cavity of pigs, and compared to the traditional scoring system of turbinate atrophy in swine. Twenty-three 27-week-old pigs representing various stages of turbinate atrophy were used. Nasal structures were visually scored on CT scans and transversal cuts of the noses at the level of the first upper premolar teeth using the same scoring system in both cases. A tissue/air area ratio was also determined based on density differences. A highly significant correlation was found between visual scoring of CT images and transversal cuts of pig noses (r = 0.98, p < 0.0001) as well as between visual scoring of CT images and tissue/air area ratio determination (r = –0.82, p < 0.0001).

Key words: Atrophic rhinitis, swine, turbinate atrophy, computed tomography

*Corresponding author; E-mail: tibor@novell.vmri.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 467-4076

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 493–501 (2003)

OCCURRENCE OF ATYPICAL MYXOMATOSIS IN CENTRAL EUROPE:
CLINICAL AND VIROLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS

A. Farsang1, L. Makranszki1*, M. Dobos-Kovács2, Györgyi Virág3, Katalin Fábián1, Tímea Barna1, G. Kulcsár1, L. Kucsera1 and F. Vetési2

1Institute for Veterinary Medicinal Products, H-1475 Budapest, P.O. Box 318, Hungary; 2Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary; 3Institute for Small Animal Research (ISAR), Gödöllő, Hungary

(Received January 8, 2003; accepted April 1, 2003)

An outbreak of the atypical form of myxomatosis struck a rabbit farm in Hungary. The animals had previously been vaccinated with a vaccine containing Shope rabbit fibroma virus strain. The disease appeared in winter when the presence of mosquitoes and fleas is not common. The virus was isolated from an eyelid specimen of a naturally infected rabbit. The surviving animals were observed for four weeks, blood samples were collected and, after euthanasia, organ specimens were also examined by morphological methods including pathology and electron microscopy. Serum samples were examined by virus neutralisation for antibodies. Genetic analysis of the isolated virus was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. The primers were designed on the basis of the major envelope gene (Env) of the Lausanne reference strain in the GenBank. The viral proteins were examined by SDS-PAGE. The isolated virus (ref. no.: BP04/2001) was able to infect the susceptible animals directly, by contact. The disease was characterised by respiratory symptoms of the upper tracheal tract, conjunctivitis and high mortality by the 11th–14th day. Aerogenic infection with strain BP04/2001 resulted in 100% morbidity among the susceptible animals. Sequencing of the amplified 400-bp-long DNA revealed 97% homology with the Env gene of the Lausanne strain, which proves that strain BP04/2001 is a variant of the Lausanne strain having been enzootic throughout Europe. The live vaccine strain used in Hungary against myxomatosis, which is also a Lausanne-derived strain, protected the animals. According to the protein analysis a protein of 200 kDa in size is not expressed in strain BP04/2001. This is the first report on atypical myxomatosis in Central Europe. The virus spreads by airborne transmission and may cause severe losses in the rabbit population.

Key words: Myxoma virus, myxomatosis, atypical, PCR, spread

*Corresponding author: Dr. László Makranszki; E-mail: makra@oai.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 262 2839

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 503–512 (2003)

METABOLIC CHANGES INDUCED BY REGULAR SUBMAXIMAL AEROBIC EXERCISE IN MEAT-TYPE RABBITS

A. Szabó1*, R. Romvári1, P. Bogner1, Hedvig Fébel2 and Zs. Szendrő3

1Institute of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology, University of Kaposvár, H-7400 Kaposvár, Guba Sándor u. 40, Hungary; 2Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Herceghalom, Hungary; 3Department of Small Livestock Breeding, University of Kaposvár, Kaposvár, Hungary

(Received January 1, 2003; accepted June 19, 2003)

Pannon White growing rabbits (a group of 8) were exposed to treadmill exercise (3–9 m/s, 1.2–1.6 km/day) twice a day for 4 weeks, while additional 8 animals, kept inactive, were assigned as the control group. Weekly, 12 hours after exercise, venous blood was taken for serum metabolite and enzyme activity measurements. Total serum protein, albumin and creatinine levels significantly increased during the second half of the training, as compared to the control group. Triacylglycerol levels in the exercised group as compared to controls, however, were higher only after the first and the fourth weeks of the experiment. Resting non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration of the trained rabbits was lower at the end of the trial. On the other hand, there were no significant differences, as compared to the respective controls, in serum urea, total and HDL cholesterol levels. At the end of the exercise alkaline phosphatase activity was higher and total lactate dehydrogenase activity was lower in the trained rabbits. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and ?-glutamyl transpeptidase activities were not changed, while creatine kinase activity was slightly lower in the trained group. The serum cortisol concentration was not different in the trained and control rabbits.

Key words: Regular aerobic exercise, rabbit, serum metabolites, serum enzymes

*Corresponding author: András Szabó; E-mail: szan1125@freemail.hu; Fax: +36 (82) 502 020

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 513–520 (2003)

BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF ALTERNATIVE LIGHTING SCHEDULES ON THE INCIDENCE OF ASCITES AND ON METABOLIC PARAMETERS OF BROILER CHICKENS

M. Hassanzadeh1*, M. H. Bozorgmehri Fard1, J. Buyse2 and E. Decuypere2

1Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6453, Tehran, Iran; 2Laboratory for Physiology and Immunology of Domestic Animals, K. U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

(Received September 13, 2002; accepted June 19, 2003)

The beneficial effects of different lighting programmes on the incidence of ascites was investigated in an experiment with 360 three-day-old male broiler chickens. At 3 days of age, chicks were randomly divided over three rooms in a high-altitude farm, 2000 m above sea level. During days 14 to 28 ambient temperature decreased during the night but the minimum temperature did not descend below 15 °C. In the first room the continuous lighting schedule (CL, 23L:1D) was maintained and in the second room an intermittent lighting schedule (IL, 1L:3D), repeated six times daily, was imposed from 3 days of age. In the third room, an increasing photoperiod schedule (IP, 4 to 14 days, 6L:18D; 15 to 21 days, 10L:14D; 22 to 28 days, 14L:10D; 29 to 35 days, 18L:6D; 36 to 42 days, 23L:1D) was provided. Mortality associated with right ventricular failure and ascites was numerically lower in birds reared under the IL and IP schedules compared to birds reared under the CL schedule, which can be attributed to the temporary reduction in relative growth and feed intake in IL and IP birds. It was concluded that the beneficial effect of lighting schedules could be due to a reduced metabolic rate as a consequence of the altered growth trajectory, as also reflected in the lower haematocrit and plasma T3 levels of IL and IP birds compared to CL birds.

Key words: Ascites, broilers, lighting schedules, altitude, thyroid hormones

*Corresponding author; E-mail: Mhzadeh@Chamran.ut.ac.ir; Fax: 0098216933222

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 521–528 (2003)

FRACTIONAL EXCRETION OF ELECTROLYTES DURING PRE- AND POSTPARTUM PERIODS IN COWS

B. Ulutaş1*, M. B. Özlem1, Pinar Alkim Ulutaş2, V. Eren3 and S. Paşa1

1Department of Internal Medicine, 2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, 09016 Aydin, Turkey; 3Technical Training College, Adnan Menderes University, Aydýn, Turkey

(Received November 26, 2002; accepted April 1, 2003)

In this study, fractional excretions (Fe) of sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (PO4) were examined with the aim to demonstrate interactions between fractional excretions of these electrolytes within each period and relate them to electrolyte metabolism in clinically normal cows at different stages of lactation and dry period. The material of this study consisted of 20 clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian cows of the same age and milk yield. Blood and urine samples were collected on 190–200th, 240–250th and 270–280th days of pregnancy and on days 1–7th, 35–45th and 75–85th after calving, altogether 6 times. An increase was observed in FeCa and FeMg during the transition from the lactation to the dry period (p < 0.05), and a decrease in FeCa (p < 0.05), FeMg (p < 0.01) in the 2nd month of the dry period. FePO4 and FeMg, respectively, increased on levels of p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, while FeCa decreased on a level of p < 0.05 after gestation compared to the level before gestation. FeNa and FeK showed a decrease of p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively, between the 1st and 2nd months of the dry period, while after gestation this value showed an increase in FeNa (p < 0.05) and FeK (p < 0.01). FeCl increased significantly (p < 0.05) only from postpartum to the 1st month of lactation. There was a strong positive correlation between FeNa and FeCl in all of the periods. It was concluded that there were significant changes in the Fe of Na, K, Cl, Ca, PO4 and Mg before parturition and during lactation; these changes could have an important role in assessing renal function and electrolyte balance.

Key words: Cow, fractional excretion, electrolytes, lactation, dry period

*Corresponding author: Assist. Prof. Bülent Ulutaş, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Iç Hastaliklari Anabilim Dali, Bati Kampüsü PK 17, 09016 Işikli-Aydin, Turkey; E-mail: bulutas71@hotmail.com; Fax: + 90 (256) 2470720

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 529–537 (2003)

EXPERIMENTAL VASCULAR GRAFT FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

L. Kóbori1*, T. Németh2, B. Nemes1, G. Dallos1, P. Sótonyi Jr.1, I. Fehérvári1, A. Patonai1, M. J. H. Slooff3, J. Járay1 and K. P. De Jong3

1Transplantation and Surgical Department, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Baross u. 23–25, Hungary; 2Department of Surgery and Ophthalmology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary; 3Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

(Received April 10, 2003; accepted June 19, 2003)

Hepatic artery thrombosis is a major cause of graft failure in liver transplantation. Use of donor interponates are common, but results are controversial because of necrosis or thrombosis after rejection. Reperfusion injury, hypoxia and free radical production determinate the survival. The aim of the study was to create an ‘ideal’ arterial interponate. Autologous, tubular graft lined with mesothelial cells, prepared from the posterior rectus fascia sheath, was used for iliac artery replacement in eight mongrel dogs for six months under immunosuppression. Patency rate was followed by Doppler ultrasound. Eight grafts remained patent and another two are patent after one year. The patency rate was good (median Doppler flow: 370 cm/sec) and there was no necrosis, thrombosis or aneurysmatic formation. The grafts showed viable morphology with neoangiogenesis, appearance of elastin, smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Electron microscopy showed intact mitochondrial structures without signs of hypoxia. Tissue oxygenation was good in all cases with normal (< 30 ng/ml) myeloperoxidase production. In conclusion, this autologous graft presents good long-term patency rate. Viability, arterialisation and low thrombogenicity are prognostic factors indicating usability of the graft in the clinical practice without the risk of rejection. Further investigations such as cell cultures and standardisation are necessary.

Key words: Rectus fascia sheath, experimental vascular graft, liver transplantation, mesothelial cells, endothelial cells

*Corresponding author: László Kóbori, MD; E-mail: kobori@mailtrans.sote.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 317 0964

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 539–550 (2003)

OPERATION TECHNIQUE AND HEALING PROCESS OF TELESCOPIC ILEOCOLOSTOMY IN DOGS

G. Szűcs1*, I. Tóth1*, T. Barna2, E. Bráth3, K. Gyáni1 and Irén Mikó3

1Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis Teaching Hospital, H-3529 Miskolc, Csabai kapu 9–11, Hungary; 2Department of Pathology, Semmelweis Teaching Hospital, Miskolc, Hungary; 3Department of Operative Techniques and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Debrecen, Hungary

(Received January 13, 2003; accepted June 19, 2003)

The healing process of telescopic anastomoses was found in an animal experiment with 12 mongrel dogs. After the division of vessels an ileal segment of different length was invaginated into the lumen of the colon using single-layer interrupted sutures. The following four groups were used: Group A (n = 3): end-to-side ileocolostomy, single-layer interrupted suture (invagination length: 0 mm), survival time: 21 days. Group B (n = 3): invagination length: 20 mm, survival time: 7 days. Group C (n = 3): invagination length: 10 mm, survival time: 21 days. Group D (n = 3): invagination length: 20 mm, survival time: 21 days. At the end of the above survival times the anastomosis area was removed. The bursting pressure was measured and morphological as well as histological examinations were performed. In each case the 0-day look-alikes of anastomoses were performed using the remnant bowels, and bursting pressure measurements were done on these models as well. Anastomosis leakage did not occur. The serosal layer of the intracolonic part of the ileum disappeared during the healing process. The free surface of the intracolonic ileal segment became covered by the sliding mucosa of the colon and the prolapsing mucosa of the ileum. The following could be concluded after the experiments: The inner pressure tolerance of a telescopic ileocolostomy promptly after preparation is better than in case of another single-layer anastomosis. This fact results in increased safety against leakage on the first postoperative days. The inner pressure tolerance of the telescopic ileocolostomy increases during the healing process and it does not depend on the length of the invaginated part (0 day–20 mm: 56 mmHg ± 6, Group A: 252 ± 39, Group B: 154 ± 19, Group C: 249 ± 20, Group D: 298 ± 2). There is no difference in pressure tolerance between the telescopic and the end-to-side single-layer interrupted anastomoses after the healing process. The invaginated section within the lumen of the large intestine does not suffer ischaemic or any other kind of damage. This inexpensive and simple anastomosis technique could be useful in the veterinary surgical practice as well.

Key words: Telescopic anastomosis, ileocolostomy, anastomosis healing

*Corresponding authors: Dr. Géza Szűcs and Dr. Imre Tóth; E-mail: b.medorim@chello.hu; Fax: +36 (46) 555 601

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), pp. 551–562 (2003)

CHARACTERISATION OF HUNGARIAN PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS 2 GENOMES ASSOCIATED WITH PMWS AND PDNS CASES

Á. Dán1,3, T. Molnár1, I. Biksi2, R. Glávits1, M. Shaheim4 and B. Harrach3*

1Central Veterinary Institute, H-1581 Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary; 2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary; 3Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; 4Animal Health Research Institute, Nadi El Siad st., Dokki, Egypt

(Received March 25, 2003; accepted June 19, 2003)

The authors report the data of the first survey on the incidence of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS) in Hungary. A PCR method specific for the detection of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) was developed, which proved to be suitable for diagnostic purposes. PCR screening of organ samples from pigs suspected to be affected with PMWS or PDNS revealed the presence of PCV-2 in 80% of the cases. Six PCV-2 genomes from Hungarian isolates were completely sequenced. Phylogenetic comparison with all the available PCV-2 sequences showed that porcine circoviruses circulating in Hungary are more variable than in several other European countries. Two Hungarian strains clustered together with the Spanish strains forming a distinct group; two others fell in a common group with the French, UK, and Dutch strains, whereas another two strains showed the closest relationship to two of the three known German PCV-2 sequences.

Key words: Porcine circovirus, PMWS, PDNS, Hungary, field strains, virus phylogenetics

*Corresponding author: Balázs Harrach; E-mail: harrach@vmri.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 467-4076. The GenBank accession numbers of the sequences reported in this paper are AY256455 to AY256460.

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 (4), p. 563 (2003)

BOOK REVIEW

Hedlund, C. and Taboada, J.: Clinical Atlas of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Small Animals (Farbatlas der Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Erkrankungen bei Kleintieren). Schlütersche Verlag und Druckerei. Hannover, 2002. 208 pages, 353 colour pictures, radiographs and 64 drawings in hard leather cover.

Károly Vörös