Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2) (2001)

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2) (2001)

CONTENTS AND ABSTRACTS

Bacteriology

Characterisation of some Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale strains and examination of their transmission via eggs.
J. Varga, L. Fodor and L. Makrai
125-130

Comparison of erythromycin and oxytetracycline for the treatment of ovine footrot.
S. Píriz, T. Pobel, Ruth Jiménez, E. M. Mateos, P. Martín-Palomino, Pilar Vila and S. Vadillo
131-139
Clinical veterinary medicine

Ultrasonography and surgery of canine biliary diseases.
K. Vörös, T. Németh, T. Vrabély, F. Manczur, J. Tóth, Melinda Magdus and Edina Perge
141-154

Bacteriological recovery after intramuscular or intracisternal spiramycin-based drying-off therapy.
S. Jánosi, A. Huszenicza, T. Horváth, F. Gémes, Margit Kulcsár and Gy. Huszenicza
155-162
Immunology

Histological evaluation of immune organs in chicken embryos inoculated with Marek’s disease virus and avian lymphokines.
Mireya Ortiz, V. M. Petrone, G. Téllez and T. Fehérvári
163-174
Nutrition

Characterisation and effects of a xylanase enzyme preparation extracted from Thermomyces lanuginosus cultures.
J. Kutasi, Á. Bata, E. Brydl, P. Rafai and V. Jurkovich
175-184
Parasitology

Bovine abortion associated with Neospora caninum in Hungary.
Á. Bacsadi, E. Bajmócy, Katalin Matiz and I. Kiss
185-189

Identification of Trypanosoma evansi by DNA hybridisation using a non-radioactivw probe generated by arbitrary primer PCR: Short communication.
S. H. Basagoudanavar, J. R. Rao, Swati Omanwar, A. K. Tiwari, R. K. Singh, R. S. Kataria and G. Butchaiah
191-195
Physiology

Rate of lipid peroxidation in brain and liver tissues and the total antioxidant status of blood plasma in developing chicks.
N. Balogh, T. Gaál, F. Husvéth and P. Vajdovich
197-202

Absorption of inorganic, trivalent and hexavalent chromium following oral and intrajejunal doses in rats.
Hedvig Fébel, B. Szegedi and Szilvia Huszár
203-209
Reproduction

Effect of low-dose zearalenone exposure on luteal function, follicular activity and uterine oedema in cycling mares.
Judit Juhász, P. Nagy, Margit Kulcsár, G. Szigeti, J. Reiczigel and Gy. Huszenicza
211-222

Evaluation of membrane integrity of frozen/thawed deer spermatozoa: Short communication.
Sz. Nagy, A. Kovács, T. Zubor, Z. Zomborszky, J. Tóth and P. Horn
223-227
Toxicology

Therapeutic efficacy of oxime reactivators in fenitrothion toxicity in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis).
A. K. Srivastava and J. K. Malik
229-235
Virology

Sequence analysis of the membrane protein gene and nucleocapsid gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolated from a swine herd in Hungary.
I. Medveczky, Á. Bálint, L. Makranszky, P. Steverink and Liesbeth Jacobs
237-244

Characterisation of the fiber gene and partial sequence of the early region 4 of bovine adenovirus 2 (Short communication).
R. Izadpanah, Mária Benkő, Krisztina Ursu, Á. Dán, M. Rusvai and B. Harrach
245-252

Book reviews
253-256

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 125–130 (2001)

CHARACTERISATION OF SOME ORNITHOBACTERIUM RHINOTRACHEALE STRAINS AND EXAMINATION OF THEIR TRANSMISSION VIA EGGS

J. Varga^*, L. Fodor and L. Makrai

Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1143 Budapest, Hungária krt. 23, Hungary

(Received October 31, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)

The biochemical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of 12 Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale strains isolated from chickens and turkeys suffering from respiratory clinical signs and the survival of some isolates on egg-shell and within chicken eggs during hatching were examined. All O. rhinotracheale strains showed typical biochemical characteristics. Among the 16 drugs examined, penicillin G, ampicillin (MICs ranging from Ł 0.06 µg/ml to 1 µg/ml), ceftazidim (with MICs from Ł 0.06 µg/ml to 0.12 µg/ml), erythromycin, tylosin, tilmicosin (with some exceptions MICs ranged from Ł 0.06 µg/ml to 1 µg/ml) and tiamulin (MICs varied from Ł 0.06 µg/ml to 2 µg/ml) were the most effective. Lincomycin, oxytetracycline and enrofloxacin also gave good inhibitions, but with most strains in a higher concentration (MICs ranged in most cases from 2 µg/ml to 8 µg/ml). The other antibiotics inhibited the growth of O. rhinotracheale only in very high concentrations (colistin) or not at all (apramycin, spectinomycin, polymyxin B). At 37 °C, O. rhinotracheale did not survive on egg-shell for more than 24 hours, while upon inoculation into embryonated chicken eggs it killed embryos by the ninth day, and from the 14th day post-inoculation no O. rhinotracheale could be cultured from the eggs at all. These results suggest that O. rhinotracheale is not transmitted via eggs during hatching.

Key words: Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, antibiotic susceptibility, egg transmission

*Corresponding author; E-mail: varga@novell.vmri.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 251-9260

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 131–139 (2001)

COMPARISON OF ERYTHROMYCIN AND OXYTETRACYCLINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF OVINE FOOTROT

S. Píriz¹, T. Pobel², Ruth Jiménez¹, E. M. Mateos¹, P. Martín-Palomino¹, Pilar Vila³ and S. Vadillo^1*

1Unit of Microbiology, Department of Medicine and Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain; ²C/Las Betetas, Soria, Spain; ³Sanagro Trade, S. A., Barcelona, Spain

(Received April 20, 2000; accepted October 30, 2000)

A microbiological study of 25 cases of ovine footrot was performed. Cultures belonging to Dichelobacter nodosus were isolated in 48% of the sampled animals. The sensitivity of the 99 strict anaerobic bacterial isolates to 5 antibiotics (penicillin G, amoxycillin, spiramycin, erythromycin and oxytetracycline) was studied. The percentage of resistant cultures was in all cases higher than 30%. The efficacy of erythromycin and oxytetracycline in the treatment of ovine footrot was studied. To conduct this test, an intramuscular injection was applied, of one antimicrobial or the other, at the beginning of the treatment. The tolerance of animals to the antimicrobials, the success rate of treatment and the severity of lameness were evaluated. The percentage of animals cured within 15 days was around 75%. In contrast, only 44% improvement was achieved in the lameness. No differences were found between the two antimicrobials in the above indices.

Key words: Erythromycin, oxytetracycline, treatment, ovine, footrot

*Corresponding author; E-mail: svadillo@unex.es; Fax: +34 (927) 257110

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 141–154 (2001)

ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND SURGERY OF CANINE BILIARY DISEASES

K. Vörös^1*, T. Németh², T. Vrabély^1§, F. Manczur¹, J. Tóth^2#, Melinda Magdus^1& and Edina Perge^3÷

1Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, ²Department of Surgery and Ophthalmology, ³Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1400 Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary

(Received August 22, 2000; accepted October 30, 2000)

Findings of hepatic and gallbladder ultrasonography were analyzed in 12 dogs with gallbladder and/or extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction and compared with the results of exploratory laparotomy. Hepatic ultrasonography demonstrated normal liver in 2 dogs and hepatic abnormalities in 10 animals. The following ultrasonographic diagnoses were established compared to surgical findings: gallbladder obstruction caused by bile sludge (correct/incorrect: 1/2, surgical diagnosis: choleliths in one case), gallbladder obstruction caused by neoplasm (0/1, surgical diagnosis: mucocele), gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction due to choleliths (3/3), extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction caused by pancreatic mass (1/1) and small intestinal volvulus (1/1). Bile peritonitis caused by gallbladder rupture (4/4) was correctly diagnosed by ultrasound, aided with ultrasonographically-guided abdominocentesis and peritoneal fluid analysis. Rupture of the gallbladder should be suspected in the presence of a small, echogenic gallbladder or in the absence of the organ together with free abdominal fluid during ultrasonography. Laparotomy was correctly indicated by ultrasonography in all cases. However, the direct cause of obstruction could not be determined in 2 of the 12 dogs by ultrasonography alone.

Key words: Ultrasonography, surgery, dog, gallbladder, biliary tract
^{* Corresponding author; E-mail:
kvoros@univet.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 478-4137
^{§ Present address: Echocard Diagnostic Centre, H-1135
Budapest, Lehel u. 43–47, Hungary
^{# Present address: Hauptstrasse 18, 42579 Heiligenhaus,
Germany
^{& Present address: H-1124 Budapest, Fodor u. 52, Hungary}}}}
÷ Present address: Central Veterinary Institute, H-1149 Budapest, Tábornok u. 2, Hungary

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 155–162 (2001)

BACTERIOLOGICAL RECOVERY AFTER INTRAMUSCULAR OR INTRACISTERNAL SPIRAMYCIN-BASED DRYING-OFF THERAPY

S. Jánosi¹, A. Huszenicza², T. Horváth², F. Gémes², Margit Kulcsár³ and G. Huszenicza^3*

1Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest, Hungary; ²Private veterinary practitioners; ³Department and Clinic for Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Szent István University, H-1400 Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary

(Received April 13, 2000; accepted October 30, 2000)

Systemic (intramuscular, IM) vs. local (intracisternal, IC) routes of spiramycin-based drying-off therapy were compared for efficacy on 65 Staphylococcus aureus infected udder quarters of 38 dairy cows. Single-dose (30,000 IU/kg) IM treatment (single IM group) resulted in a similarly low bacteriological recovery rate (14%) as seen in the untreated controls (18%). IM treatment (30,000 IU/kg) on 4 consecutive days (4 IM group) resulted in significantly higher quarter-based recovery rates than that in the single IM group. The bacteriological recovery rates obtained in the intracisternal and 4 IM groups were quite similar but remained below 50%. Based on these findings as well as on the high cost of the repeated intramuscular treatment regime there is no reason to give extra preference to the systemic application of spiramycin at drying off in the practice.

Key words: Mastitis, Staphylococcus aureus, drying off therapy, spiramycin

* Corresponding author; Department and Clinic for Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1400 Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary; E-mail: gyhuszen@univet.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 478-4207

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 163–174 (2001)

HISTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF IMMUNE ORGANS IN CHICKEN EMBRYOS INOCULATED WITH MAREK’S DISEASE VIRUS AND LYMPHOKINES

Mireya Ortiz^*, V. M. Petrone, G. Téllez and T. Fehérvári

Departamento de Producción Animal: Aves, Facultad de Medicina, Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México D. F., México

(Received September 21, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of lymphocytes and granulocytes in different stages of embryonic development and on the first posthatching day. The lymphocytes present in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus were evaluated by histological analysis of the yolk sac, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, liver and bone marrow of 100 chicken embryos divided into groups and treated with: (I) Marek’s disease vaccine as viral antigen, (II) Marek’s disease vaccine plus lymphokines, (III) lymphokines, and (IV) vaccine diluent. Group V was not treated. Samples were taken on days 14, 17 and 20 of incubation and on the first posthatching day. An increase in the number of epithelial matrix as precursors of lymphoid follicles was observed in the bursa of Fabricius of embryos inoculated with lymphokines compared to embryos in all the other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, a higher amount of granulocytes was found in the yolk sac and liver of embryos inoculated with lymphokines than in the embryos of all other groups (p < 0.05). In the bone marrow, no significant difference was observed among the treated groups concerning the amount of granulocytes. The results suggest that administration of antigens or protein molecules at an early stage of embryonic development increases the presence of granulocytes in the liver and granulopoiesis in the yolk sac, and also increases the number of epithelial matrixs in the bursa of Fabricius.

Key words: Bone marrow, bursa of Fabricius, histopathology, granulocytes, liver, lymphocytes, lymphokines, Marek’s disease vaccine, thymus, yolk sac

*Corresponding author; E-mail: monicolim@yahoo.com; Fax: +52 56166923

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 175–184 (2001)

CHARACTERISATION AND EFFECTS OF A XYLANASE ENZYME PREPARATION EXTRACTED FROM THERMOMYCES LANUGINOSUS CULTURES

J. Kutasi¹, Á. Bata¹, E. Brydl², P. Rafai^2* and V. Jurkovich²

1Dr Bata Research and Development LLC, H-2364 Ócsa, Pesti úti major, Hungary; ²Department of Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Szent István University, H-1078 Budapest, István u. 2, Hungary

(Received October 9, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)

This paper describes the production of an enzyme preparation from the fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus. Thermal resistance, pH stability and lignocellulolytic activity of the enzyme preparation high in xylanase were studied on a variety of grains and forages. The enzyme preparation preserved more than 70% of its original xylanase activity for 4 and 1 h at 60 and 70 °C, respectively. The xylanase activity remained over 80% when the preparation was incubated for 30 min at pH 4.5. In vitro digestibility studies indicated that the enzyme digested 7.5, 8.5 and 8.0% of the dry matter (DM) of barley meal, wheat bran and oat meal samples, respectively. When applying 60-min incubation, 7.5, 7.3 and 8.4% of DM of the oat straw, alfalfa hay and triticale straw was digested, respectively. When the time of digestion was increased to 360 min, the sunflower hull showed 15.8% DM digestibility.

Key words: Thermomyces lanuginosus, xylanase, lignocellulolytic activity, thermal and pH stability

*Corresponding author; E-mail: prafai@univet.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 478-4243

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 185–189 (2001)

BOVINE ABORTION ASSOCIATED WITH NEOSPORA CANINUM IN HUNGARY

Á. Bacsadi^*, E. Bajmócy, Katalin Matiz and I. Kiss

Veterinary Institute of Debrecen, H-4002 Debrecen, P.O. Box 51, Hungary

(Received September 13, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)

The authors report the first case of bovine neosporosis in Hungary based on investigations made on an aborted fetus. The diagnostic methods included traditional as well as molecular techniques. This record extends further the geographic range of the disease.

Key words: Neospora caninum, bovine, neosporosis, abortions

*Corresponding author; E-mail: bacsadia@indigo2.oai.hu; Fax: +36 (52) 310-823

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 191–195 (2001)

IDENTIFICATION OF TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI BY DNA HYBRIDISATION USING A NON-RADIOACTIVE PROBE GENERATED BY ARBITRARY PRIMER PCR:

SHORT COMMUNICATION

S. H. Basagoudanavar¹, J. R. Rao^2*, Swati Omanwar¹, A. K. Tiwari¹, R. K. Singh¹, R. S. Kataria¹ and G. Butchaiah¹

1National Biotechnology Centre; ²Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243 122, India

(Received March 16, 2000; accepted October 30, 2000)

A highly reproducible, dominant, monomorphic fragment of 473 base pair (bp) amplified from the genome of Trypanosoma evansi by arbitrary primer - polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) was labelled with digoxigenin and investigated for its potential as DNA probe. Dot-blot hybridisation of total genomic DNA with the probe proved useful in detecting bubaline, cameline and equine strains of T. evansi down to 10 pg of parasite template DNA. No cross-hybridisation was seen with Babesia bigemina, Theileria annulata and the bubaline host DNA. This probe may facilitate laboratory identification of T. evansi in developing countries, without the inherent risk associated with radioisotopes.

Key words: AP-PCR, Trypanosoma evansi, non-isotopic probe

*Corresponding author; E-mail: jrrao@ivri.up.nic.in; Fax: +91 (581) 440584/4472841

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 197–202 (2001)

RATE OF LIPID PEROXIDATION IN BRAIN AND LIVER TISSUES AND THE TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF BLOOD PLASMA IN DEVELOPING CHICKS

N. Balogh^*, T. Gaál, F. Husvéth and P. Vajdovich

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1078 Budapest, István u. 2, Hungary

(Received June 14, 2000; accepted October 30, 2000)

Age-related changes of tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) of liver and brain, as well as plasma antioxidant capacity of broiler chicken cockerels were investigated. Tissue LPO was characterised by the spectrophotometric assessment of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Plasma antioxidant power was evaluated by the measurement of total antioxidant status (TAS). Newly hatched broiler chicks had similar TAS value (1.19 mmol/l) as newborns of mammalian species. Significant changes (p < 0.05) were observed in the time course of all parameters. Tissue TBARS concentration was higher in the brain than in the liver at hatching, while the latter organ was found to have more effective antioxidant defence during embryonic life. The concentration of TBARS increased up to the 10th day in the liver but only up to the 21st day in the brain, and the former was accompanied by an approximately 50% decrease of plasma antioxidant capacity. This suggests that the liver plays an important role in forming the antioxidant defence mechanisms of the blood plasma in broiler chicks.

Key words: Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, chicken

*Corresponding author; E-mail: nbalogh@univet.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 478-4137

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 203–209 (2001)

ABSORPTION OF INORGANIC, TRIVALENT AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM FOLLOWING ORAL AND INTRAJEJUNAL DOSES IN RATS

Hedvig Fébel^*, B. Szegedi and Szilvia Huszár

Research Institute of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, H-2053 Herceghalom, Hungary

(Received September 29, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)

The intestinal absorption of trivalent and hexavalent chromium (Cr) given orally (experiment I) or infused in the intestine (experiment II) was investigated in rats. The nonabsorbable form of chromium (⁵¹Cr₂O₃) and water-soluble and more absorbable Na₂⁵¹CrO₄ (the hexavalent form of Cr) were compared. Total retention of chromium given orally ranged around 15 percent of the dose, regardless of the chromium compounds applied. The absorption rate of chromic oxide, which is considered a nonabsorbable compound, was 14.4 as a percentage of chromium intake. This result indicates that some loss of chromium has to be taken into account in metabolic trials made by the indicator method. In isolated rat intestine, from the injected Cr 2.5% of chromic oxide and 43.2% of sodium chromate were absorbed during an hour (experiment II). The absorbed chromium was transferred to the liver where the liver tissue retained 10.9% of chromic oxide and 51.1% of sodium chromate. Radioactivity of v. cava caudalis following intestinal injection of Na₂CrO₄ was thirtyfold greater than after Cr₂O₃ dosing. This phenomenon can be explained by the lower blood clearance of chromate. Different absorption rate of chromate depending on the route of administration could be due to the fact that the hexavalent form given orally was reduced to Cr³⁺ in the acidic environment of the stomach. When Na₂CrO₄ was infused directly in the intestine of rats, such reduction could not occur. This means that the acidic gastric juice might play a role in inhibiting the intestinal absorption of Na₂CrO₄ when this compound is given orally.

Key words: Chromium, absorption, excretion, retention, rats

*Corresponding author; E-mail: hfebel@atk.hu; Fax: +36 (23) 319-133

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 211–222 (2001)

EFFECT OF LOW-DOSE ZEARALENONE EXPOSURE ON LUTEAL FUNCTION, FOLLICULAR ACTIVITY AND UTERINE OEDEMA IN CYCLING MARES

Judit Juhász¹, P. Nagy², Margit Kulcsár², G. Szigeti⁴, J. Reiczigel³ and Gy. Huszenicza^2*

1Research Institute, ²Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, ³Department of Biomathematics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1400 Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary; ⁴Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest, Hungary

(Received September 15, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)

The effect of 10-day zearalenone administration starting 10 days after ovulation was studied in 6 cycling trotter mares in the summer period. After an entire oestrous cycle (Cycle 1), mares were given 7 mg purified zearalenone per os daily (1 mg/ml in ethyl alcohol) beginning on Day 10 of Cycle 2. Toxin exposure was continued until the subsequent ovulation. Luteal function and follicular activity were monitored daily by rectal palpation, ultrasonography and blood sampling for progesterone. During toxin exposure, all animals were in good physical condition. The toxin had no effect on the length of the interovulatory intervals, luteal and follicular phases. It did not influence significantly the plasma progesterone profiles (logistic curve parameters A1 to A6), the follicular activity (growth rate, maximum size of the ovulatory follicles, maximum number and the time of first increase in the number of large follicles) and the uterine oedema. It is concluded that in cyclic mares the methods used in this study could not detect any adverse effect of zearalenone (administered at a low dose similar to natural exposure) on reproduction.

Key words: Mare, zearalenone, progesterone, follicular activity, uterine oedema

*Corresponding author; E-mail: gyhuszen@univet.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 478-4207

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 223–227 (2001)

EVALUATION OF MEMBRANE INTEGRITY OF FROZEN/THAWED DEER SPERMATOZOA: SHORT COMMUNICATION

Sz. Nagy^1*, A. Kovács², T. Zubor³, Z. Zomborszky⁴, J. Tóth⁵ and P. Horn⁴

1Institute of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of West Hungary, H-9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Vár 4, Hungary; ²Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Herceghalom, Hungary; ³Embryo Ltd., Pécs, Hungary; ⁴Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Kaposvár, Kaposvár, Hungary; ⁵Pannon Equestrian Academy and Specialist Secondary School for Agriculture, Kaposvár, Hungary

(Received August 27, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)

A simultaneous live/dead and acrosome staining, originally described for domestic mammals, was successfully applied on red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymidis and vas deferens of shot stags. The staining is simple enough for routine application. Seven classes of spermatozoa were distinguished in the smears of frozen/thawed semen samples. Morphology, including cytoplasmic droplets, was evaluated as well. Percentage of live cells with intact acrosomes and with no other morphological aberrations might be a practical index of semen quality.

Key words: Deer, spermatozoa, membrane integrity, acrosome

*Corresponding author; E-mail: szabio70@hotmail.com; Fax: +36 (96) 215-931

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 229–235 (2001)

THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF OXIME REACTIVATORS IN FENITROTHION TOXICITY IN BUFFALO CALVES (BUBALUS BUBALIS)

A. K. Srivastava^* and J. K. Malik⁺

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004, India

(Received April 27, 2000; accepted October 30, 2000)

The therapeutic efficacy of 2-pyridine aldoxime methochloride and diacetylmonoxime (DAM) alone and in combination with atropine was determined in oral fenitrothion toxicity in buffalo calves. DAM alone and in combination with atropine constitute the most effective therapy of fenitrothion poisoning. As compared to 2-pyridine aldoxime methochloride, DAM was also more effective in reactivating the fenitrothion-inhibited erythrocyte and plasma acetylcholinesterase and serum carboxylesterase enzymes and reversing fenitrothion-induced hyperglycaemia, hyperproteinaemia and hypercreatinaemia in animals.

Key words: Therapeutic efficacy, oxime reactivator, fenitrothion toxicity, buffalo calves

* Corresponding author; Fax: +91 (0161) 400945, +91 (0161) 400822

+ Present address: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, (UP) India

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (1), pp. 237–244 (2001)

SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF THE MEMBRANE PROTEIN GENE AND NUCLEOCAPSID GENE OF PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS ISOLATED FROM A SWINE HERD IN HUNGARY

I. Medveczky¹, Á. Bálint², L. Makranszky³, P. Steverink⁴ and Liesbeth Jacobs^4*

1István Medveczky was until his death in November 1999 Associate Professor at the Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1581 Budapest, P.O. Box 22, Hungary; ²Central Veterinary Institute, H-1149 Budapest, Tábornok u. 2, Hungary; ³State Control Institute for Veterinary Biologicals, Drugs and Feeds, H-1475 Budapest 10, P.O. Box 318, Hungary; ⁴Institute for Animal Science and Health, ID-Lelystad, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands

(Received May 9, 2000; accepted October 30, 2000)

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was isolated from blood samples taken at a pig farm in Hungary from pigs showing clinical signs of the disease. The virus (ABV 32) was identified as belonging to the European genotype by using type-specific monoclonal antibodies. This was confirmed by comparing the sequence of the membrane protein gene (ORF 6) and the nucleocapsid gene (ORF 7) with the American VR2332 and the European LV genotype reference strain, respectively. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of the ORF 6 and ORF 7 of ABV 32 revealed five amino acid changes in both ORFs when compared with LV, of which two changes in ORF 7 were only found in the Spanish isolates. Additionally, the ORF 7 sequence was compared with corresponding sequences of a total of 21 other European strains. Phylogenetic analysis using the PHYLIP package confirmed the close relationship between the Hungarian and the Spanish isolates. Of all the isolates analysed, ABV 32 and LV were the least related.

Key words: PRRS virus, membrane protein gene, nucleocapsid gene, DNA sequence analysis, swine, Hungary

*Corresponding author; E-mail: C.E.Jacobs@id.dlo.nl; Fax: +31 320 238668

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 245–252 (2001)

CHARACTERISATION OF THE FIBER GENE AND PARTIAL SEQUENCE OF THE EARLY REGION 4 OF BOVINE ADENOVIRUS 2

(SHORT COMMUNICATION)

R. Izadpanah^1,4, Mária Benkő², Krisztina Ursu^2,3, Á. Dán^2,3, M. Rusvai^1* and B. Harrach²

^{1Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of
Veterinary Science, Szent István University, H-1581 Budapest, P.O. Box 22, Hungary; ²Veterinary
Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1581 Budapest, P.O. Box 18,
Hungary; ³Central Veterinary Institute, H-1581 Budapest, P.O. Box 22, Hungary; ⁴RAZI
Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, 21987 Tehran, P.O. Box 11365-1558, Iran

(Received September 5, 2000; accepted February 8, 2001)}

The full sequence of the fiber gene and partial sequence of the putative 17 kD protein gene of bovine adenovirus-2 (BAdV-2) were determined. The size of the fiber gene of BAdV-2 proved to be 561 amino acids, of which the amino acids 37 to 385 form a typical shaft domain of 22 repetitive motifs. On the complementary strand, a gene homologous to the 17 kD protein coded in the E4 region of several human adenoviruses was found. The sequence analysis seems to confirm the presence of an intron in the sequenced part of the E4 region.

Key words: Bovine adenovirus 2, fiber, E4 region, intron, 17 kD protein

*Corresponding author; E-mail: rusvai@novell.vmri.hu; Fax: +36 (1) 251-9260

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49 (2), pp. 253–256 (2001)

BOOK REVIEWS

Diseases of Poultry: World Trade and Public Health Implications. Co-ordinated by C. W. Beard and M. S. McNulty. Scientific and Technical Review, World Organisation for Animal Health. Vol. 19 (2) 2000 August, 665 pp. Price: 40 euros.

International Animal Health Code. Mammals, Birds and Bees. Ninth edition, 2000. Office International des Epizooties (World Organisation for Animal Health), Paris.

Comprehensive Reports on Technical Items Presented to the International Committee or to Regional Commissions. Office International des Epizooties (World Organisation for Animal Health), 1999. Paris. 315 pp. Price: 25 euros.